Investing in a foreign market is a fantastic way to diversify your portfolio and discover opportunities in new and exciting markets. However, doing so comes with unique risks, such as varying laws and economies, that could make your investment journey more stressful than it needs to be.
Understanding certain things before investing in these markets can help you navigate things more easily and provide greater peace of mind when things don’t go as planned. Below, we’ve highlighted the most prominent things every investor looking into foreign markets should know.
Political Stability
Although not often a serious factor to consider when investing in your home country, the political stability of a nation should be one of the first factors you look at when investing abroad. This is because any lapse in stability can have major implications on the value of your investment.
Therefore, before investing abroad, do research into the government type of the nation you’ll be investing in. Also, look at things like when the next general elections will be (if it is a democratic society), how stable the current government is, and if any major political reforms are likely to occur over the term of your investment.
If anything is highlighted that could lead to governmental tensions, collapse, or upheaval, it may be best to invest in something else. Continuing to invest could be unnecessarily risky and return less than investing that money in casino games with payout rates of 96% and above.
Economy
The economy within a foreign territory is often tied closely to political stability. Changes in this economy are likely to have the largest effect on your investment and can lead to massive gains or even larger losses.
To better understand the economy and its activity and output, do extensive research into its historical growth and predicted growth. This can often be based on the country’s GDP but can also be found in other public data.
In addition to the GDP data, looking at inflation levels and trends over a few years and unemployment data will give you a better gauge of how the economy is growing or contracting. Understanding this can help you better understand what risk your investment may face.
Currency Risk
Because foreign investment is commonly done in the local currency of the country you’re investing in, almost all investments carry currency risk. This risk relates to fluctuations in the country’s local currency and how these fluctuations can impact your investment.
Should the exchange rate of the currency you’ve invested in suddenly experience higher-than-normal volatility, your investment could do exceptionally well or suddenly lose a large portion of its value. Therefore, understanding the factors that affect a specific currency can help ensure you invest in a lower-risk currency.
To identify the factors that could impact currency, one should look at the policies set out by the country’s central bank, interest rate adjustments and predictions, and the country’s balance of trade. Political and economic stability also contribute significantly to currency risk and should be factored in.
Geopolitical Risks
Aside from internal risks (such as political and economic instability), many foreign countries may also offer unique geopolitical risks that could hinder your ability to grow your investment. Therefore, identifying and understanding these possible risks can help you steer clear of countries that could face problems in the near future.
When looking for geopolitical risks, it is important to examine the international relationship between the country you want to invest in and others, particularly your own. While studying this relationship, it is also good to see what trade agreements countries may have with each other.
More important than friendly agreements and treaties, however, is identifying any tensions or possible conflicts. These are often highlighted through sanctions imposed on a country or embargoes that try to limit trade. If any of these are present between the foreign country you’re looking at and another nation, it may be best to invest elsewhere.
Regulation
If the above factors are suitable for investment and you’re ready to proceed, the next thing to understand is the regulation surrounding investing in the country. This varies from region to region, and what may be applicable in your home country may not be in another.
Some of the most common regulatory restrictions involve how securities are regulated by the government. This includes understanding how and by whom enforcement of these regulations is undertaken.
In addition, understanding what restrictions, incentives, financial reporting structures, and protection laws are in place for foreign investors is crucial. As all of these pertain to you as an investor, having a clear understanding of these things will help you understand the risks of your investment more clearly and also ensure you do things according to the law.
Taxes
Often bundled with regulation are taxation requirements, which are not only defined by the tax laws in the country you’re investing in but also by what tax laws may affect you at home based on having a foreign investment portfolio.
Hiring a tax consultant trained in foreign investment may be best to ensure you correctly follow all applicable tax laws in both regions. If you prefer to do it yourself, it is vital to gain knowledge about any possible double taxation agreements between your country and the foreign one, what reporting requirements you may need to meet, and whether you have a foreign tax credit.
In addition, find out if you will need to pay withholding taxes or capital gains tax on your investment and its returns in either the foreign country or your own. Failure to do this correctly could lead to trouble with regulatory agencies and significant fines for underdeclaration of income.
Conclusion
Investing is not an exact science, regardless of where you choose to try to grow your capital. Investing in foreign markets, however, brings unique challenges. For this reason, understanding the factors above is critical if you’re thinking of making a foreign investment.
These considerations will help you select the country best suited politically, economically, and geopolitically to your needs. It will also help you ensure you stay in line with the law and are able to make the best choices to streamline taxation and maximize your profits.